Essential Documents for Spanish Import Customs
Customs clearance is the critical step when importing goods from China to Spain. Incomplete documentation is the most common cause of cargo delays. Here's the complete checklist:
1. Commercial Invoice
The commercial invoice is the core customs document and must include: full names and addresses of buyer and seller, invoice number and date, detailed goods description (name, quantity, unit price, total), trade terms (FOB/CIF/DDP), currency and payment method.
2. Packing List
The packing list details each package: box number, piece count, goods description per box, quantity, net weight, gross weight, dimensions (L×W×H), and total volume (CBM).
3. Bill of Lading
The ocean bill of lading proves cargo ownership. Original or telex release B/L is required for customs clearance.
4. EORI Number
EORI (Economic Operators Registration and Identification) is the EU customs unique identification number for importers/exporters. All businesses conducting import/export in the EU must have an EORI number. Without it, customs clearance is impossible.
5. Certificate of Origin
Some goods may qualify for preferential duty rates with a certificate of origin. Chinese exports to Spain can apply for general or China-EU certificates of origin.
6. CE Marking / Declaration of Conformity
Certain products (electronics, toys, machinery, etc.) require CE marking to be sold in the EU market. Customs may request CE certificates or declarations of conformity.
7. Other Potentially Required Documents
- Sanitary/Phytosanitary Certificate: For food and plant products
- Dangerous Goods Declaration: For hazardous cargo
- Import License: For controlled goods
- Insurance Certificate: Required under CIF terms
Frequently Asked Questions
- Can I under-declare the invoice value?: No. Under-declaration is illegal and customs can inspect and impose penalties
- Do documents need to be translated into Spanish?: Some may need translation; confirm in advance
- How long does clearance take?: With complete documents, typically 2-3 business days